The 802.11 applies to wireless LANs and provides 1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2.4 GHz band using either frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS).
The 802.11a is an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANs and provides up to 54 Mbps in the 5GHz band. 802.11a uses an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing encoding scheme rather than FHSS or DSSS.
The 802.11b (also referred to as 802.11 High Rate or Wi-Fi) is an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANS and provides 11 Mbps transmission (with a fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1 Mbps) in the 2.4 GHz band. 802.11b uses only DSSS. 802.11b was a 1999 ratification to the original 802.11 standard, allowing wireless functionality comparable to Ethernet.
The 802.11g applies to wireless LANs and provides 20+ Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band.The 802.16-2004 IEEE standard replaces previous 802.16 and 802.16a specifications for fixed wireless high speed Internet access in stationary objects.
The 802.16 standard has a large industry backing led by the WiMAX Forum and its distinctive corporate members, and looks to be where wireless broadband is headed.
The 802.16e standard is expected to be ratified by the IEEE in late 2005. It is an extension of the 802.16 specification that will allow WiMAX access for mobile devices.
With fixed wireless Internet access, specific stationary devices have the capacity to get online despite being completely unconnected to the copper or fiber traditionally associated with broadband. These fixed locations consist of office buildings or other permanent locations instead of mobile devices with wireless access.
This allows for large amounts of traffic and high bandwidth capabilities without the hassle and limitations of hooking up expensive cables. The current IEEE standard for fixed wireless that has been adopted is 802.16-2004.
The normal phone line made of copper wire can only carry a limited amount of information at one time. Fiber optic lines can relay this information much faster and in a digital format.
T1 lines are usually on fiber optic cables and can be used for the telephone system or Internet access with a data circuit running at a line rate of about 1.544 Mbps.
The advantage of using a T1 line is not only the speed, but the capacity, since a T1 can handle having many computers feeding into one server. It has the equivalent capacity of 24 DS0 lines. A T1 line is also known as a DS1 line, or Digital Signal 1.
When more computers eat up the bandwidth, a company requires something bigger and faster than a T1 connection, a T3 connection can handle the heavier traffic.
This Internet access is often used by larger institutions and businesses to support a network of computers and can transfer data at a rate of almost 45 Mbps. One T3 connection can carry the information equivalent of hundreds of phone lines or 28 T1 lines.
The acronym for WISP stands for Wireless Internet Service Provider and enables wireless Internet access for businesses and consumers. This broadband service offers access within wireless hot spots or hot zones within a specific coverage area.
In order to connect a computer to the internet, there needs to be an ISP. However with a wireless ISP, the computer does not have to be physically connected to a network -- merely within a certain distance of the computer.
The acronym for WiMAX is short for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access and is a term to be used for products supporting the IEEE 802.16 standard for broadband wireless access.
This technology transmits a wireless signal from one point out to many locations connected to the ISP. WiMAX can offer a cheaper and easier connectivity for the last mile and provide both metro and rural areas high-speed and reliable Internet access.
A DS3 line is also called a T3 line and is a connection that can transfer data at a rate of 43 Mbps. It can handle 672 channels and is often used by corporations and institutions with many users and a high level of network activity. A T3 line or DS3 line is equivalent to 28 T1 Lines at 1.54 Mbps.
An OC3 connection is a high-speed Internet connection over a fiber optic network that runs at 155 Mbps. This connection is used for large groups of networked computers and can get very expensive if hard cables are installed. This is where Wireless Bandwidth or Broadband Providers can be a great advantage, offering all the speed of an OC3 connection but without the high monthly loop and installation costs.
The OC 12 is a considerable step above the OC3 and runs at 622 Mbps. It can transmit vast amounts of information at impressive speeds and has the ability to be expanded as need dictates with unlimited IPs. OC is short for Optical Carrier.
The acronym Mbps is a short-hand term for referring to rates of information transfer, standing for megabits per second. This is different from MBps which stands for megabytes per second. Each megabit contains a million binary pulses and is the term indicates the speed and capacity of a broadband connection.
The acronym MAN stands for Metropolitan Area Network and is a wireless connection that covers a larger area than the popular LAN lines. These connections can enable high-speed Internet access using a single point to multi-point system.
Wi-MAN is a term used for a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network. It is a high-speed network that can accommodate large amounts of bandwidth, using the 802.16 standard. Wi-MAN offers a way to access the Internet while bypassing phone companies, lowering the cost of a network.
The acronym for RBOC stands for Regional Bell Operating Company and is used to refer to the regional telephone companies formed when AT&T was split up. These companies provide local phone service and make up one of the participants grabbing a share of the wireless Internet market.
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A Network backbone is the system that connects the servers and routers in a network. These are ISP's or Internet Service Providers that provide access to the entire group. On a larger level, the Internet backbone is the system in which information is transferred over the Internet.
The combination of these two systems makes up the Internet and resembles the roads of a freeway with smaller networks branching from larger networks and eventually branching off into individual IP addresses.